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<\/p>\n2022-06-27<\/p>\n
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Tesla’s forefoot just announced that it would 4680 News about large-scale production and loading of batteries , After the Ningde era, the third generation was launched CTP technology \u2014\u2014 Kirin battery .<\/p>\n
According to the introduction of Ningde times , The volume utilization rate of Kirin battery has broken through 72%, The energy density can reach 255Wh\/kg, It can make the whole vehicle break through 1000 Km range .<\/p>\n
besides , The Kirin battery also adopts the world’s first large-area cooling technology for cells , Can support 5 Minutes quick hot start and 10 Minute quick charge .<\/p>\n
It is reported that , The battery is scheduled for 2023 It’s on the market in mass production .<\/p>\n
After the release of Kirin battery , Ideal car and Nezha car have forwarded the news released by Kirin battery , And Ningde times official wechat also replied to the news of the two enterprises , Ideal and Nezha have also become the first new energy enterprises to confirm that they will carry Kirin batteries .<\/p>\n
About this battery , According to the official description of Ningde era \uff1a In the same electrochemical system \u3001 Battery pack size , The material is a ternary high nickel version of Kirin battery , Tesla of the same volume 4680 Higher than 13% The energy density of , Performance is far better than Tesla 4680.<\/p>\n
Kirin battery is really better than Tesla 4680 Battery is strong \uff1f Let’s take a detailed look at the differences and gaps between the two .<\/p>\n
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External upgrade VS Internal upgrade<\/p>\n
Actually , Kirin battery and 4680 Battery is two different technical concepts . Kirin battery is an iteration of battery system technology , And Tesla 4680 Is the iteration of cell technology .<\/p>\n
One \u3001 Kirin battery<\/p>\n
Let’s first look at the Kirin battery , In essence, it does not change the internal structure and material of the cell , The change is the structure of the battery system . Its main innovations are as follows \uff1a<\/p>\n
1\u3001 Adopt the design of cell inversion<\/p>\n
And the standing Ningde era VDA\u3001590 The difference between the module and the lying SAIC magic cube battery is ,CTP3.0 The real Kirin battery is a handstand battery , That is, the cell is upside down , This design can make the space utilization of the battery pack higher .<\/p>\n
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In terms of arrangement , After the cell of Kirin battery is inverted , It can share the runaway exhaust and the bottom ball hitting space , Just leave more for the battery 6% Space , So as to bring higher space utilization . At present, the space utilization rate of Kirin battery is as high as 72%, Compared with the first generation CTP Higher than 17%.<\/p>\n
2\u3001 Integrated into multi-functional elastic interlayer<\/p>\n
The pioneering transverse and longitudinal beams of Ningde era \u3001 The water cooling plate and the heat insulation pad were originally designed independently , Integrated into multi-functional elastic interlayer , To support \u3001 cooling \u3001 heat insulation \u3001 Buffer function four in one , Effectively improve the utilization of space .<\/p>\n
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also , A micro bridge connecting device is built in the multifunctional elastic interlayer , It can flexibly cooperate with the breathing of the electric cell for free expansion and contraction , Improve the whole life cycle reliability of the cell .<\/p>\n
Besides , The electric core and multifunctional elastic interlayer form an integrated energy unit , Build a stable stressed structure perpendicular to the driving direction , The structural strength and impact resistance of the battery are improved .<\/p>\n
3\u3001 Rebuild the water cooling system<\/p>\n
In terms of cooling , Kirin battery has a new layout design for the cooling system .<\/p>\n
First , Ningde era starts with the essence of heat exchange , Reconstructed the water cooling system , Place it between the large sides of the cell , The heat exchange efficiency of the cell is greatly improved , The heat exchange area can be increased by four times .<\/p>\n
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secondly , Ningde times shortened the temperature control time of the electric cell to half of the original time , More efficient maintenance of cell safety \u3001 Suitable operating temperature , So as to adapt to higher current , Higher voltage fast charging . It is reported that , At present, Kirin battery can support 5 Minute fast hot start and 10 Minutes to 80%.<\/p>\n
In extreme cases , The cell can be cooled rapidly , Effectively block abnormal heat conduction between cells , Effectively avoid irreversible damage caused by abnormal operating temperature of the battery , Effectively improve the service life and safety of the battery .<\/p>\n
To sum up in one sentence is , Kirin battery has achieved endurance \u3001 Quick charge \u3001 Security \u3001 life \u3001 efficiency \u3001 And the overall improvement of low temperature performance .<\/p>\n
Two \u3001 tesla 4680 The battery<\/p>\n
It must be known to all friends who know a little about Tesla , Tesla’s power battery has always been named simply and rudely .4680 The battery , As the name suggests, the diameter of the single cell is 46mm\u3001 The height is 80mm Cylindrical battery .<\/p>\n
Compare with the past \u201c1865\u201d And now \u201c2170\u201d, From the perspective of naming ,4680 It seems that the battery is just getting bigger , Before that \u201c5 Battery No \u201d Turned into \u201c2 Battery No \u201d.<\/p>\n
Of course, it’s not just that simple . In addition to getting bigger ,4680 There are also many innovations and improvements in the structure of the cell .<\/p>\n
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1\u3001 use \u201c The infinite ear \u201d Design<\/p>\n
With the increase of cell volume , The battery impedance also increases synchronously . For this question , Tesla’s solution is innovative \u201c The infinite ear \u201d Design .<\/p>\n
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The lug is a metal conductor drawn from the positive and negative collector , It is through the lug that the current can be connected to the outside of the battery . But too long and thin pole ears are not conducive to current conduction , If the current is too high , There will be fever , Energy loss increases , And it will affect the safety performance .<\/p>\n
Tesla’s 4680 The battery removes the original pole ear , It is selected to leave the end of the collector blank and uncoated \/ Anode material . Simply put, it’s not that there are no polar ears , But the whole end face has become a pole ear , This design greatly reduces the impedance of the battery , The heating problem of cylindrical battery is solved .<\/p>\n
2\u3001 Use dry cell electrode process<\/p>\n
tesla 4680 The battery uses a dry cell electrode process , Do not use solvents , Instead, a small amount of \uff08 about 5-8%\uff09 Fine powder PTFE Adhesive and positive \/ Negative electrode powder mixing , A thin strip of electrode material is formed by an extruder , Then, the electrode material strip is laminated on the metal foil collector to form a finished electrode . This process will increase the energy density of the battery , And reduce production energy consumption 10 times .<\/p>\n
3\u3001 The anode is made of silicon<\/p>\n
Anode material , Tesla will start with silicon materials . Silicon can store ten times more electricity than graphite , However, due to its volume change in the process of charge and discharge, it can reach 400%, Easy to break , Therefore, it has been difficult to replace graphite .<\/p>\n
Tesla plans to fundamentally change the ductility of the silicon surface , Make it not easy to break , This technology can increase the battery life 20%. Tesla named the new material \u201c Tesla silicon \u201d, Cost is 1.2 dollar \/KWh, It is only one tenth of the existing structured silicon process .<\/p>\n
4\u3001 Improve cathode production process<\/p>\n
Cathode materials , Tesla improved the cathode production process , Reduce the use of water and waste water , The battery cathode production line is reduced 66% Investment and construction costs 76% The cost of production . meanwhile , Tesla launches battery recycling service , In the future, new batteries will be produced from recycled old batteries .<\/p>\n
Combined with these improvements , Tesla will increase 54% Battery life , Reduce 56% Cost per kilowatt hour , Reduce 69% Investment and production costs , While the energy density increases , The production cost is greatly reduced .<\/p>\n
Last , In a word, summarize 4680 Advantages of batteries \uff1a It can achieve both performance and cost .<\/p>\n
In short , Kirin battery and 4680 Although the battery technology is upgraded iteratively , But the technical route is different .<\/p>\n
Kirin battery is on the basis of not changing the cell material , By upgrading the battery pack structure \u201c External upgrade \u201d, For example, change the discharge position of the cell , Integrated into multi-functional elastic interlayer, etc , To improve the performance of the battery ;<\/p>\n
Tesla 4680 The battery passes through the cell \u201c Internal upgrade \u201d, For example, expand the volume of the cell \u3001 Change anode material, etc , Make yourself stronger .<\/p>\n
Of course , Whether it is an external upgrade or , Or internal upgrade , The final result is still to get better battery performance .<\/p>\n
that , Kirin battery and Tesla 4680 What is the performance of the battery between the two \uff1f<\/p>\n
The performance of Kirin battery is far better than that of Tesla 4680\uff1f<\/p>\n
From the data given by Ningde times , Cylinder 4680 The battery is at energy density \u3001 Fast charging performance \u3001 Integration and thermal conductivity , Compared with Kirin battery , Still slightly inadequate . Let’s take a look at one by one .<\/p>\n
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1\u3001 Energy density<\/p>\n
From the data ,4680 The energy density of the monomer is about 300Wh\/kg, The energy density of the battery pack is 217Wh\/kg. By contrast , The capacity density of the Kirin battery pack can reach 255Wh\/kg. in other words , Under the same cell chemical system and the same battery pack size , The power ratio of Kirin battery pack 4680 The battery has improved 13%.<\/p>\n
2\u3001 Volume utilization<\/p>\n
besides , The volume utilization ratio of the battery pack of Kirin battery has broken through 72%, Than 4680 Battery 63% Higher than 9%, Set a new industry record , Become the most integrated battery in the world .<\/p>\n
Kirin battery has higher space utilization , In addition to being integrated into a multifunctional elastic sandwich \u3001 In addition to the structural optimization of the cell inversion , Tesla’s battery is inherently cylindrical , Congenital bug, So you can only use 60% about .<\/p>\n
That makes sense , Because of the physical structure of the cylinder , There is a physical gap between the cells , For the square, this problem basically does not exist , That means the same battery pack , Use square cells to make the interior more compact , Can plug in more electricity . And the square battery can make the cell as large as possible , So as to minimize space and improve energy density .<\/p>\n
3\u3001 Heat conduction performance<\/p>\n
Although the large cylinder is inferior to the square battery in terms of space utilization , But the advantage is , Large cylindrical battery has larger cooling space , In addition, Tesla designed a layer of water-cooling plate for it , Therefore, the thermal conductivity is better than that of ordinary square batteries . By contrast , The square battery has a large single cell , It is placed on the chassis in face-to-face contact , Heat dissipation congenital is not as good as cylindrical battery .<\/p>\n
however , According to kylin battery , After reconstructing the water cooling structure , Its thermal conductivity is improved 50%, And from the comparison results , It seems even better than Tesla 4680 The battery is still good . Of course , This could mean that , Enterprises want the heat dissipation of square batteries to be better than that of cylindrical batteries , Then the cost and effort will be greater .<\/p>\n
4\u3001 Fast charging performance<\/p>\n
The data from the reference shows , tesla 4680 The battery pack only needs 15 Minutes from 10% Charge to 80%, Compared with the current Tesla 2170 The battery pack is fast 10 minute . As a contrast , At present, Kirin battery can support 5 Minute fast hot start , And 10 Minutes to 80%. You can see , In terms of charging efficiency , Kirin battery is higher than Tesla 4680 Battery .<\/p>\n
5\u3001 Security<\/p>\n
First , The cylindrical battery cell is small , This leads to a large number of battery pack cells , For thermal management and BMS Very demanding , The security is worse , Theoretically, the risk of spontaneous combustion is higher .<\/p>\n
By contrast , Kirin battery adopts a square battery , Large monomer capacity , The number of monomers is small ,BMS The system composition is relatively simple , The stability is relatively good .<\/p>\n
secondly , comparison 4680 Improve the energy density by changing the cell material , Kirin battery is only upgraded through the structure , Theoretically, it is safer and more stable .<\/p>\n
6\u30014680 The efficiency of battery grouping is low \u3001 Low capacity<\/p>\n
4680 Battery production is not easy , otherwise , It won’t be delayed for nearly two years . among , The main difficulty lies in the low yield caused by the extremely difficult laser welding of the polar ear .<\/p>\n
It is reported that , Originally made by Tesla 4680 The yield rate is only 20%, To 2021 year 10 Month up to 80%. And now , Its yield has reached an average of 92%, The highest reached 97%, The lowest is 79%, It just basically reached the level of mass production .<\/p>\n
secondly ,4680 Battery capacity is limited , data display , Tesla in 2021 Annual sales for 93.6 Thousands of cars . stay 2022 year , Tesla said it would not launch new models , Choose to fully expand production capacity , This means that 2022 Breaking the million sales mark in is just the beginning , Annual sales volume 150 Ten thousand cars are not impossible .<\/p>\n
Such a huge sales volume , Tesla wants to be wet and wet , take 4680 It is obviously impossible for the battery to achieve full product coverage .<\/p>\n
According to Tesla , Its 1 The monthly capacity is 100 Ten thousand pieces ,100 Wan is only installed 1000 Tesla , in other words , Each vehicle Model Y About need 1000 individual 4680 The battery , This is the same as Tesla, which will enter 100 Compared with the delivery of million , Obviously a drop in the bucket . that , To satisfy Tesla 2022 Annual delivery exceeds 100 The target of 10,000 vehicles , Therefore, it is essential for purchasing friends to make up for production capacity .<\/p>\n
therefore , That’s why , Tesla not only purchases a large number of square batteries from Ningde era , And the proportion is increasing .<\/p>\n
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From the above comparison , The comprehensive advantages of Kirin battery may be higher . At energy density \u3001 Fast charging performance \u3001 There is a rate in the space , Thermal conductivity , Kirin batteries are better than 4680 The battery is better . also , In safety and stability \u3001 capacity \u3001 Group rate, etc ,4680 The battery is not as good as the Kirin battery .<\/p>\n
We can see , From BYD’s introduction of blade batteries , Including Ningde Era \u3001 Great Wall motor \u3001 Battery manufacturers and automobile enterprises such as gac-e’an, etc , By improving the structure of the battery pack , To upgrade battery performance . It not only ensures the safety and stability of the electric core , It also improves battery performance , And increase the cost . thus it can be seen , External upgrade of battery , It is also a good technical route for battery development .<\/p>\n
So here comes the question , Ningde times is one of Tesla’s major battery suppliers , Will Tesla use kylin batteries in the future \uff1f Leave a comment below \uff01<\/p>\n