kylin battery PK Tesla 4680 battery, who is stronger

2022-06-27

Tesla’s forefoot just announced that it would 4680 News about large-scale production and loading of batteries , After the Ningde era, the third generation was launched CTP technology —— Kirin battery .

According to the introduction of Ningde times , The volume utilization rate of Kirin battery has broken through 72%, The energy density can reach 255Wh/kg, It can make the whole vehicle break through 1000 Km range .

besides , The Kirin battery also adopts the world’s first large-area cooling technology for cells , Can support 5 Minutes quick hot start and 10 Minute quick charge .

It is reported that , The battery is scheduled for 2023 It’s on the market in mass production .

After the release of Kirin battery , Ideal car and Nezha car have forwarded the news released by Kirin battery , And Ningde times official wechat also replied to the news of the two enterprises , Ideal and Nezha have also become the first new energy enterprises to confirm that they will carry Kirin batteries .

About this battery , According to the official description of Ningde era ： In the same electrochemical system 、 Battery pack size , The material is a ternary high nickel version of Kirin battery , Tesla of the same volume 4680 Higher than 13% The energy density of , Performance is far better than Tesla 4680.

Kirin battery is really better than Tesla 4680 Battery is strong ？ Let’s take a detailed look at the differences and gaps between the two .

External upgrade VS Internal upgrade

Actually , Kirin battery and 4680 Battery is two different technical concepts . Kirin battery is an iteration of battery system technology , And Tesla 4680 Is the iteration of cell technology .

One 、 Kirin battery

Let’s first look at the Kirin battery , In essence, it does not change the internal structure and material of the cell , The change is the structure of the battery system . Its main innovations are as follows ：

1、 Adopt the design of cell inversion

And the standing Ningde era VDA、590 The difference between the module and the lying SAIC magic cube battery is ,CTP3.0 The real Kirin battery is a handstand battery , That is, the cell is upside down , This design can make the space utilization of the battery pack higher .

In terms of arrangement , After the cell of Kirin battery is inverted , It can share the runaway exhaust and the bottom ball hitting space , Just leave more for the battery 6% Space , So as to bring higher space utilization . At present, the space utilization rate of Kirin battery is as high as 72%, Compared with the first generation CTP Higher than 17%.

2、 Integrated into multi-functional elastic interlayer

The pioneering transverse and longitudinal beams of Ningde era 、 The water cooling plate and the heat insulation pad were originally designed independently , Integrated into multi-functional elastic interlayer , To support 、 cooling 、 heat insulation 、 Buffer function four in one , Effectively improve the utilization of space .

also , A micro bridge connecting device is built in the multifunctional elastic interlayer , It can flexibly cooperate with the breathing of the electric cell for free expansion and contraction , Improve the whole life cycle reliability of the cell .

Besides , The electric core and multifunctional elastic interlayer form an integrated energy unit , Build a stable stressed structure perpendicular to the driving direction , The structural strength and impact resistance of the battery are improved .

3、 Rebuild the water cooling system

In terms of cooling , Kirin battery has a new layout design for the cooling system .

First , Ningde era starts with the essence of heat exchange , Reconstructed the water cooling system , Place it between the large sides of the cell , The heat exchange efficiency of the cell is greatly improved , The heat exchange area can be increased by four times .

secondly , Ningde times shortened the temperature control time of the electric cell to half of the original time , More efficient maintenance of cell safety 、 Suitable operating temperature , So as to adapt to higher current , Higher voltage fast charging . It is reported that , At present, Kirin battery can support 5 Minute fast hot start and 10 Minutes to 80%.

In extreme cases , The cell can be cooled rapidly , Effectively block abnormal heat conduction between cells , Effectively avoid irreversible damage caused by abnormal operating temperature of the battery , Effectively improve the service life and safety of the battery .

To sum up in one sentence is , Kirin battery has achieved endurance 、 Quick charge 、 Security 、 life 、 efficiency 、 And the overall improvement of low temperature performance .

Two 、 tesla 4680 The battery

It must be known to all friends who know a little about Tesla , Tesla’s power battery has always been named simply and rudely .4680 The battery , As the name suggests, the diameter of the single cell is 46mm、 The height is 80mm Cylindrical battery .

Compare with the past “1865” And now “2170”, From the perspective of naming ,4680 It seems that the battery is just getting bigger , Before that “5 Battery No ” Turned into “2 Battery No ”.

Of course, it’s not just that simple . In addition to getting bigger ,4680 There are also many innovations and improvements in the structure of the cell .

1、 use “ The infinite ear ” Design

With the increase of cell volume , The battery impedance also increases synchronously . For this question , Tesla’s solution is innovative “ The infinite ear ” Design .

The lug is a metal conductor drawn from the positive and negative collector , It is through the lug that the current can be connected to the outside of the battery . But too long and thin pole ears are not conducive to current conduction , If the current is too high , There will be fever , Energy loss increases , And it will affect the safety performance .

Tesla’s 4680 The battery removes the original pole ear , It is selected to leave the end of the collector blank and uncoated / Anode material . Simply put, it’s not that there are no polar ears , But the whole end face has become a pole ear , This design greatly reduces the impedance of the battery , The heating problem of cylindrical battery is solved .

2、 Use dry cell electrode process

tesla 4680 The battery uses a dry cell electrode process , Do not use solvents , Instead, a small amount of （ about 5-8%） Fine powder PTFE Adhesive and positive / Negative electrode powder mixing , A thin strip of electrode material is formed by an extruder , Then, the electrode material strip is laminated on the metal foil collector to form a finished electrode . This process will increase the energy density of the battery , And reduce production energy consumption 10 times .

3、 The anode is made of silicon

Anode material , Tesla will start with silicon materials . Silicon can store ten times more electricity than graphite , However, due to its volume change in the process of charge and discharge, it can reach 400%, Easy to break , Therefore, it has been difficult to replace graphite .

Tesla plans to fundamentally change the ductility of the silicon surface , Make it not easy to break , This technology can increase the battery life 20%. Tesla named the new material “ Tesla silicon ”, Cost is 1.2 dollar /KWh, It is only one tenth of the existing structured silicon process .

4、 Improve cathode production process

Cathode materials , Tesla improved the cathode production process , Reduce the use of water and waste water , The battery cathode production line is reduced 66% Investment and construction costs 76% The cost of production . meanwhile , Tesla launches battery recycling service , In the future, new batteries will be produced from recycled old batteries .

Combined with these improvements , Tesla will increase 54% Battery life , Reduce 56% Cost per kilowatt hour , Reduce 69% Investment and production costs , While the energy density increases , The production cost is greatly reduced .

Last , In a word, summarize 4680 Advantages of batteries ： It can achieve both performance and cost .

In short , Kirin battery and 4680 Although the battery technology is upgraded iteratively , But the technical route is different .

Kirin battery is on the basis of not changing the cell material , By upgrading the battery pack structure “ External upgrade ”, For example, change the discharge position of the cell , Integrated into multi-functional elastic interlayer, etc , To improve the performance of the battery ;

Tesla 4680 The battery passes through the cell “ Internal upgrade ”, For example, expand the volume of the cell 、 Change anode material, etc , Make yourself stronger .

Of course , Whether it is an external upgrade or , Or internal upgrade , The final result is still to get better battery performance .

that , Kirin battery and Tesla 4680 What is the performance of the battery between the two ？

The performance of Kirin battery is far better than that of Tesla 4680？

From the data given by Ningde times , Cylinder 4680 The battery is at energy density 、 Fast charging performance 、 Integration and thermal conductivity , Compared with Kirin battery , Still slightly inadequate . Let’s take a look at one by one .

1、 Energy density

From the data ,4680 The energy density of the monomer is about 300Wh/kg, The energy density of the battery pack is 217Wh/kg. By contrast , The capacity density of the Kirin battery pack can reach 255Wh/kg. in other words , Under the same cell chemical system and the same battery pack size , The power ratio of Kirin battery pack 4680 The battery has improved 13%.

2、 Volume utilization

besides , The volume utilization ratio of the battery pack of Kirin battery has broken through 72%, Than 4680 Battery 63% Higher than 9%, Set a new industry record , Become the most integrated battery in the world .

Kirin battery has higher space utilization , In addition to being integrated into a multifunctional elastic sandwich 、 In addition to the structural optimization of the cell inversion , Tesla’s battery is inherently cylindrical , Congenital bug, So you can only use 60% about .

That makes sense , Because of the physical structure of the cylinder , There is a physical gap between the cells , For the square, this problem basically does not exist , That means the same battery pack , Use square cells to make the interior more compact , Can plug in more electricity . And the square battery can make the cell as large as possible , So as to minimize space and improve energy density .

3、 Heat conduction performance

Although the large cylinder is inferior to the square battery in terms of space utilization , But the advantage is , Large cylindrical battery has larger cooling space , In addition, Tesla designed a layer of water-cooling plate for it , Therefore, the thermal conductivity is better than that of ordinary square batteries . By contrast , The square battery has a large single cell , It is placed on the chassis in face-to-face contact , Heat dissipation congenital is not as good as cylindrical battery .

however , According to kylin battery , After reconstructing the water cooling structure , Its thermal conductivity is improved 50%, And from the comparison results , It seems even better than Tesla 4680 The battery is still good . Of course , This could mean that , Enterprises want the heat dissipation of square batteries to be better than that of cylindrical batteries , Then the cost and effort will be greater .

4、 Fast charging performance

The data from the reference shows , tesla 4680 The battery pack only needs 15 Minutes from 10% Charge to 80%, Compared with the current Tesla 2170 The battery pack is fast 10 minute . As a contrast , At present, Kirin battery can support 5 Minute fast hot start , And 10 Minutes to 80%. You can see , In terms of charging efficiency , Kirin battery is higher than Tesla 4680 Battery .

5、 Security

First , The cylindrical battery cell is small , This leads to a large number of battery pack cells , For thermal management and BMS Very demanding , The security is worse , Theoretically, the risk of spontaneous combustion is higher .

By contrast , Kirin battery adopts a square battery , Large monomer capacity , The number of monomers is small ,BMS The system composition is relatively simple , The stability is relatively good .

secondly , comparison 4680 Improve the energy density by changing the cell material , Kirin battery is only upgraded through the structure , Theoretically, it is safer and more stable .

6、4680 The efficiency of battery grouping is low 、 Low capacity

4680 Battery production is not easy , otherwise , It won’t be delayed for nearly two years . among , The main difficulty lies in the low yield caused by the extremely difficult laser welding of the polar ear .

It is reported that , Originally made by Tesla 4680 The yield rate is only 20%, To 2021 year 10 Month up to 80%. And now , Its yield has reached an average of 92%, The highest reached 97%, The lowest is 79%, It just basically reached the level of mass production .

secondly ,4680 Battery capacity is limited , data display , Tesla in 2021 Annual sales for 93.6 Thousands of cars . stay 2022 year , Tesla said it would not launch new models , Choose to fully expand production capacity , This means that 2022 Breaking the million sales mark in is just the beginning , Annual sales volume 150 Ten thousand cars are not impossible .

Such a huge sales volume , Tesla wants to be wet and wet , take 4680 It is obviously impossible for the battery to achieve full product coverage .

According to Tesla , Its 1 The monthly capacity is 100 Ten thousand pieces ,100 Wan is only installed 1000 Tesla , in other words , Each vehicle Model Y About need 1000 individual 4680 The battery , This is the same as Tesla, which will enter 100 Compared with the delivery of million , Obviously a drop in the bucket . that , To satisfy Tesla 2022 Annual delivery exceeds 100 The target of 10,000 vehicles , Therefore, it is essential for purchasing friends to make up for production capacity .

therefore , That’s why , Tesla not only purchases a large number of square batteries from Ningde era , And the proportion is increasing .

From the above comparison , The comprehensive advantages of Kirin battery may be higher . At energy density 、 Fast charging performance 、 There is a rate in the space , Thermal conductivity , Kirin batteries are better than 4680 The battery is better . also , In safety and stability 、 capacity 、 Group rate, etc ,4680 The battery is not as good as the Kirin battery .

We can see , From BYD’s introduction of blade batteries , Including Ningde Era 、 Great Wall motor 、 Battery manufacturers and automobile enterprises such as gac-e’an, etc , By improving the structure of the battery pack , To upgrade battery performance . It not only ensures the safety and stability of the electric core , It also improves battery performance , And increase the cost . thus it can be seen , External upgrade of battery , It is also a good technical route for battery development .

So here comes the question , Ningde times is one of Tesla’s major battery suppliers , Will Tesla use kylin batteries in the future ？ Leave a comment below ！

Source:Yi Wen sees clearly: kylin battery PK Tesla 4680 battery, who is stronger (inotgo.com)